Externa’s team chat is separate from AI chat. One chats model backs collection item threads and direct (private) threads. Operators use a dedicated hub at /chat; editors also open the same thread from an item form drawer.

Chat hub for collection and private threads

Realtime: Reverb & Echo. Unread vs bell: Activity & notifications. Privacy / plaintext bodies: Threat model & hosting. Upload cap: project setting chat_max_upload_bytes on Settings → Files & Media (/settings/project/files; null = unlimited aside from PHP). Permissions: Effective permissions.

Not AI chat

/ai and the FAB talk to AppAssistant over SSE. Team chat uses JSON + Echo presence on channel chat.{uuid}. Do not confuse the two.

Product surfaces

Surface	Route / UI	Who
Chat hub	Inertia `GET /chat`, `GET /chat/{uuid}` — `resources/js/pages/chat/index.tsx`	Users with `can-show-chat`
Item drawer	Chat panel on collection item form (`item-chat-drawer.tsx`)	Users who can read that collection item (collection ACL)
Sidebar	Chat nav entry + unread badge from Inertia `page.props.chat`	`can-show-chat`

Both surfaces talk to the same message/attachment APIs. Item routes under collections/.../chat are aliases that resolve/create the item thread, then delegate to ChatMessageController / ChatHubController.

Data model

Table / model	Role
`chats` (`App\Models\Chat`)	UUID PK. `kind`: `item` \| `direct`. Item chats link `collection_id` + `collection_item_id`. Soft deletes.
`chat_participants`	Direct threads: users and/or groups. Optional per-user `archived_at` (hide from inbox). Item threads do not require an explicit participant row for every reader.
`chat_messages` (`CollectionItemChatMessage`)	Body, mentions JSON, optional `reply_to_id`, pin timestamp, soft deletes.
`chat_attachments` (`CollectionItemChatAttachment`)	Files on a message (or pending until message create). Optional reduced preview for images.
`chat_reactions`	Emoji reactions per user/message.
`chat_reads`	Per-user last-read cursor for unread math.

Migrations: create-only chat schema in database/migrations/2026_08_18_000030_create_chats_tables.php (and related upload/reads tables). Fresh installs do not need separate “unify” alters.

Thread kinds

Item (kind=item)

One shared thread per collection item (ChatService::findOrCreateItemChat).
Access = collection item read ACL (CollectionPermissionEnforcer / guard), not only can-show-chat.
Hub lists item threads the user can see; drawer opens from the item editor.

Direct (kind=direct)

Private thread among selected users and/or groups (ChatService::findOrCreateDirectChat).
Creator is always included. Deduped by sorted participant set.
Access = membership (participant sync via ChatParticipantSync).
Creating a DM broadcasts ChatThreadUpserted to peers so their hub list updates live.

Permissions

Concern	Gate
Hub pages + `/chat/*` JSON	`permission:can-show-chat` (`PermissionEnum::CanShowChat`) on `routes/chat.php`
Item alias routes	Collection item read (same as opening the item); defined in `routes/collections.php`
Inertia shared unread	Only computed when the user has `can-show-chat` (`HandleInertiaRequests`)

A user can participate in an item thread via collection ACL without hub access; they will not get the /chat shell or sidebar chat entry until can-show-chat is granted.

Hub UI

Controller: App\Http\Controllers\Chat\ChatPageController.

Route	Name	Behavior
`GET /chat`	`chat.index`	Split shell; tabs `collection` \| `private` (`?tab=`)
`GET /chat/{chat}`	`chat.show`	Same shell with selected thread (UUID); marks read

Thread list / create / options:

Route	Name	Purpose
`GET /chat/threads`	`chat.threads.index`	Paginated hub threads
`POST /chat/threads`	`chat.threads.store`	Start item or direct thread
`GET /chat/unread-count`	`chat.unread-count`	Unread totals
`GET /chat/options/users`	`chat.options.users`	DM user picker
`GET /chat/options/groups`	`chat.options.groups`	DM group picker
`GET /chat/options/directory`	`chat.options.directory`	Combined directory
`GET /chat/options/collections`	`chat.options.collections`	Item-thread collection filter
`GET /chat/options/items`	`chat.options.items`	Items in a collection
`GET /chat/options/item-picker`	`chat.options.item-picker`	Combined item picker

Open thread actions (UUID chat): messages CRUD, pin, react, mentions, notify toggle (item), read / stop-viewing, attachments (single + chunked), save-to-files / add-to-field, participants (DM), archive / unarchive (direct only), leave/delete thread.

Private archive (per-user)

Archive is not a global soft-delete of the chat. It hides the thread from your private inbox while you remain a participant. Collection/item threads have no archive action (API returns 422).

Concern	Detail
Storage	`chat_participants.archived_at` for the viewing user
Hide list	Default private hub list excludes archived rows
Toggle UI	Icon-only control next to hub search (private tab): show archived ↔ show inbox (`data-test="chat-filter-archived"`)
Thread menu	Archive / Unarchive on direct threads (`ChatDirectThreadMenu`)
API	`POST /chat/{chat}/archive`, `POST /chat/{chat}/unarchive` (`chat.archive` / `chat.unarchive`)
List query	`GET /chat/threads?archived=1` (private tab) lists only archived DMs
Inbound message	A new message to an archived DM clears `archived_at` for recipients so the thread resurfaces
Leave vs archive	Leave/Delete removes your participant row (and may soft-delete the chat when no user participants remain). Archive keeps membership

Messages

Controller: App\Http\Controllers\Chat\ChatMessageController (also used by ItemChatController aliases).

Capability	Detail
Create	Body (optional if attachments), `@` mentions (item + multi-party DM only; not 1:1), optional `reply_to_id`, attachment IDs
Edit / delete	Author only
Pin	Toggle `pinned_at`
Reactions	Toggle emoji; broadcast `ReactionToggled`
Pagination	Cursor / page load older; FE merges without wiping history on soft refresh
Optimistic send	Pending bubbles with local previews + upload progress; retry on failure

In the thread (1.4.0)

The human chat is rebuilt on shadcn/ui (core #558, #575, #576, #578, #582):

Piece	Behaviour
Reactions	One button per emoji with its count, pressed when you reacted. Its tooltip lists who reacted. Toggle from the button, the ⋯ menu or the right-click menu.
Message menu	A visible ⋯ button beside each bubble (on hover and keyboard focus) and the right-click menu share one list: reactions, reply, copy, pin, edit, delete.
User hover card	Author names and `@` mentions open a card with the user's avatar, name, role and online status (on hover or keyboard focus). Mentions render as badges.
Reply quotes	A quoted row with a left rule inside the bubble; click it to jump to the original message. Above the composer it shows what you are replying to, with Cancel.
Pinned messages	A bar above the thread with one row per pinned message (author and text); click a row to jump to the message.
Photos	Images fill their bubble with the caption wrapping inside it; albums use a collage. Click to open the lightbox carousel (swipe, arrow keys, Previous / Next).
Files	Each file is an attachment card with icon, name and size; click to download, or use its menu to download, Save to Files or Add to field (item threads).
Uploads	Pending files show a spinner and progress, an error, or done, with a remove action.
Delete	Deleting a message or a direct chat asks for confirmation first (core #522).

Day separators and the typing indicator are inline markers; reactions under the last message stay visible.

Mentions

Mentions resolved against users (and collection mention syntax where applicable).
mentioned_user_ids stored on the message.
Bell notification (ItemChatNotification): recipients = @mentioned users or users who opted into collection notify (see below). Not every participant on every message.

Collection “notify me”

Per-user setting group item_chat / key notify — list of collection IDs.
Toggle: PUT .../chat/notify (hub or item alias).
Opt-in → unread hub updates + optional bell “sent a message”; default campana already mention-first.

Attachments

Service: App\Services\Chat\ChatAttachmentUploadService.

Path	When
Single POST	Smaller files
Chunked init → chunk → complete	Large files (bypasses single-request PHP limits)

Limits:

Setting	Scope
`project.chat_max_upload_bytes`	Nullable = unlimited (still capped by PHP / chunk pipeline)
`project.files_max_upload_bytes`	File manager pool (separate)

Types: chat accepts any file type (no mime/extension allowlist or File Manager denylist). AI chat attachments remain a separate, stricter pipeline. Save to Files runs through FileService::uploadFile, so the File Manager extension denylist applies at that step — File manager — Upload security.

Images: server may store preview_path / preview_mime for list thumbnails; lightbox loads full resolution (with download progress UI).

UX:

Full-thread dropzone (message list + composer), not only the textarea.
Send-attachments dialog (Telegram-style): media album grid or file list + caption (@ + emoji).
Shared collage component ChatMediaAlbum for modal, optimistic pending, and sent bubbles (flush tiles, no parallel CSS grids).
Incoming bubbles with author label use a minimum width so multi-image albums do not collapse.

Downstream: save attachment into Files, or add to an item file field (item threads).

Realtime (Echo)

Requires full stack broadcasting — Reverb & Echo.

Channel	Auth	Events (broadcastAs)
Presence `chat.{chatId}`	`ChatService::assertAccessible`	`MessageCreated`, `MessageUpdated`, `MessageDeleted`, `ReactionToggled`
Private `App.Models.User.{id}`	Same user	`ChatUnreadUpdated`, `ThreadUpserted` (new DM for peer), plus bell notifications

Typing / presence members come from the presence channel authorization payload (id, name).

Frontend store: Zustand chat modules under resources/js/stores/chat/; Echo wiring in the drawer / hub page.

Unread & sounds

Service: App\Services\Chat\ChatUnreadService.

Kind	Who gets unread
Direct	Other participants (not author)
Item	Mentions + collection notify subscribers + users who already posted in the thread

If the user is actively viewing that thread (short cache window), unread stays 0 but the payload may still set play_sound.

Profile prefs (default off): sound_chat_enabled, sound_notifications_enabled.

Shared Inertia prop shape (when permitted): chat.unread_* for sidebar badge.

Activity log

On message create / delete, Spatie activity (log_name=chat):

Event	Properties (meta)
`chat_message`	`chat_id`, `body_preview` (≤ 120 chars), attachment/mention counts, `reply_to_id`
`chat_message_deleted`	`chat_id`, `message_id`, `body_preview`, `attachment_count`

Bodies are not encrypted. Admin UI expands properties.meta when Spatie attribute_changes is empty — Activity & notifications · Threat model.

Source map

Concern	Location
Hub routes	`routes/chat.php`
Item aliases	`routes/collections.php` (chat group)
Presence auth	`routes/channels.php` → `chat.{chatId}`
Pages	`ChatPageController`, `resources/js/pages/chat/index.tsx`
Messages / uploads	`ChatMessageController`, `ChatAttachmentUploadService`
Item facade	`ItemChatController`
ACL / create	`ChatService`, `ChatParticipantSync`
Unread	`ChatUnreadService`
UI shell	`item-chat-drawer.tsx`, `components/chat/*`
Events	`app/Events/ItemChatMessage*.php`, `ChatUnreadUpdated`, `ChatThreadUpserted`
Tests	`tests/Feature/Chat/*`, `tests/Feature/Collections/CollectionItemChatTest.php`

Operator checklist

[ ] Grant can-show-chat to roles that need the hub / sidebar.
[ ] Run migrations (chat_* create tables on fresh install).
[ ] Enable Reverb + matching VITE_REVERB_* for live messages / typing / unread push.
[ ] Know archive is private-DM only; item threads stay visible while the collection item exists.
[ ] Set chat_max_upload_bytes in project settings if you want a soft cap (null = unlimited aside from PHP).
[ ] Scheduler/queue healthy if you rely on related file jobs after “save to files”.
[ ] Restrict can-show-activity-logs — chat previews appear in the audit UI.